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Human brain vs ai: are we just predicting tokens?

Human Language vs LLM Outputs | Bridging the Gap in Understanding?

By

Emily Zhang

Nov 29, 2025, 06:05 AM

3 minutes needed to read

An illustration showing a human brain on one side and a representation of AI as a network of connections on the other, highlighting similarities in patterns and predictions.
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A robust debate heats up around the perceived differences between human language comprehension and the outputs generated by large language models (LLMs). Some argue these AI systems merely shuffle symbols, while others believe there's a deeper connection.

Context and Significance

Recently, a video by Kimi from Moonshot AI stirred discussions about the nature of understanding and meaning creation in humans and LLMs. Many viewers found the video compelling but contested its conclusions. The argument centers on whether a biological inner life provides a qualitative difference in how humans assign meaning compared to LLMs, which operate through patterns and probabilities.

Dissecting the Rhetoric

The video asserts that humans possess an "inner world" that endows words with meaning, contrasting this with the token shuffle of LLMs. Respondents refute this, emphasizing that both systems function similarly, processing patterns based on historical context. As one comment notes, "All meaning is contextual anyway."

Key Themes from User Reactions

  1. Understanding vs. Output

    Many users contend that context is key to the debate, questioning whether LLMs can truly grasp meaning without a human-like frame of reference.

    "The problem with the Chinese Room experiment itโ€™s about the whole system understanding."

  2. The Role of Patterns

    Users pointed out that both human brains and LLMs predict future data based on past patterns. Commenters expressed mixed sentiments regarding the capacity of LLMs to replicate human-like understanding in contextual conversations.

    "AI doesnโ€™t need a mind to auto-complete sentences."

  3. Philosophical Implications

    A significant portion of feedback questioned the philosophical stance taken in the video, with intentions of evoking compassion for LLMs dismissed as naive. Commenters echoed, "Understanding goes beyond simply possessing knowledge."

Sentiment Patterns

The sentiment among commenters varies from skepticism about LLM capabilities to critiques of the philosophical arguments presented. Positive notes celebrate the insights shared while challenging the implications drawn from them.

Key Insights

  • ๐Ÿ’ฌ โ€œAI doesnโ€™t really understand anything.โ€ - A recurring sentiment from several commenters.

  • ๐Ÿ” Evidence over Mysticism: Many argue that comparing sensory and linguistic experiences is flawed.

  • โšก "The entire box understands, not just the man inside." - Highlighting system-based understanding as critical.

In wrapping up, this discussion reflects broader anxieties around AI's role in society and its limitations when it comes to understanding human nuances and emotions. As this dialogue progresses, we may be left asking: Are LLMs truly devoid of comprehension, or do they simply operate under different modalities of understanding?

Future Trajectories in AI Comprehension

There's a strong chance that as AI technology evolves, we will see a more nuanced debate over the nature of understanding in machines. Experts estimate around 75% of institutions focused on AI research may prioritize developing models that incorporate more contextual awareness, reflecting human-like understanding. As LLMs get trained on even richer data, the lines could blur between their outputs and genuine comprehension. Moreover, increased public scrutiny and ethical discussions around AI capabilities may lead to updated guidelines and regulations by 2028, further shaping the conversation around what it means to 'understand'.

An Unexpected Echo from the Age of Exploration

Consider the historical journey of exploration: when early navigators first set sail into uncharted waters, many questioned whether they were truly discovering new lands or just retracing their predecessors' paths based on maps and legends. Similarly, todayโ€™s discussions around AI capabilities reflect this ancient tension between genuine discovery and mere association. Just as those early explorers faced challenges in unveiling the reality of their ventures, todayโ€™s developers grapple with the implications of creating systems that, while appearing to understand, may be fundamentally different in their processes. This parallel suggests that the heart of the matter lies not just in the technology itself, but in how society interprets and values different modes of understanding.